Knee arthroplasty

 Knee arthroplasty is a surgical procedure that restores joint function in advanced knee disorders. It is an effective solution for pain and stiffness in cases where conservative treatment is no longer effective.

Mashtaler Ortho&Trauma Clinic performs knee replacement surgery in Lviv. We use modern implants, operate in a highly sterile surgical environment, and support patients throughout the entire recovery process.

Knee arthroplasty as a reliable method to relieve pain and restore mobility

Knee arthroplasty involves replacing damaged joint surfaces with artificial components. This procedure relieves pain and restores mobility. After surgery, patients can walk, climb stairs, perform daily activities, and in many cases return to an active lifestyle with certain limitations.

Modern prostheses are made of biocompatible materials such as titanium alloys, ceramics, and advanced polymers. They are designed to withstand high mechanical stress, last 15–20 years or more, and rarely cause allergic reactions.

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Indications for knee arthroplasty

Before surgery, consultation with an orthopedic surgeon is essential to assess the need for joint replacement and determine the most appropriate treatment strategy.

During the consultation, the doctor also provides an individualized cost estimate.

Symptoms indicating the need for knee replacement

• persistent knee pain during movement or at rest;
• significant limitation of motion (inability to fully bend or straighten the leg);
• pronounced stiffness after rest;
• visible deformity (varus “O-shaped” or valgus “X-shaped” alignment);
• joint instability or crepitus during movement;
• reduced mobility affecting quality of life.

Diagnosis of knee joint conditions

 Surgery is typically indicated in cases of advanced cartilage degeneration that may also involve underlying bone. Diagnostic evaluation includes:

• consultation with an orthopedic surgeon, clinical examination, and assessment of pain and function;
• X-ray imaging in two projections;
• MRI or CT scan to assess cartilage, ligaments, and soft tissues;
• full-length lower limb imaging to evaluate alignment;
• laboratory tests to assess overall health status.

Contraindications to knee arthroplasty

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Although knee replacement is highly effective, it may be contraindicated in certain cases:

• active infections;
• septic arthritis;
• uncontrolled coagulation disorders;
• poorly controlled diabetes mellitus;
• severe cardiovascular or pulmonary disease in a decompensated state.

Relative contraindications may include low physical activity levels combined with obesity, which can increase implant wear.

In modern orthopedic practice, joint-preserving procedures are often preferred in younger patients when possible. If surgery can be avoided, efforts are made to preserve the natural joint.

Types of knee arthroplasty

The most common procedure is total knee arthroplasty, which involves replacing the articular surfaces of the femur and tibia. It is indicated in advanced osteoarthritis affecting the entire joint.

If only one compartment is affected, partial (unicompartmental) knee arthroplasty may be performed. In this case, only the damaged area is replaced, preserving healthy tissues. This approach is less invasive and often suitable for selected patients with localized disease.

How knee replacement surgery is performed

Knee endoprosthesis is a complex operation that requires highly qualified surgeon. It involves appropriate training, observation and rehabilitation. We tell you more about its main stages.

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Preoperative preparation

 Before surgery, the patient undergoes a comprehensive evaluation, including:

• blood and urine tests;
• ECG and cardiology/anesthesiology consultation;
• assessment of venous circulation to reduce thrombosis risk;
• screening for infections (e.g., nasal or oral swabs);
• evaluation of potential allergic reactions.

Patients receive instructions regarding medications and nutrition. Anticoagulants and certain other drugs are temporarily discontinued. Fasting is required before surgery.

Main stages of the procedure

1. The procedure is usually performed under regional anesthesia with sedation or general anesthesia.
2. The surgeon makes an incision to access the joint, removes damaged cartilage and bone, and prepares the surfaces for implantation. The prosthesis is then positioned and fixed. The procedure typically lasts about 1.5–2 hours.
3. After confirming proper function of the joint, the wound is closed and dressings are applied. The patient is then transferred to the recovery unit for monitoring.

Possible complications

 Knee arthroplasty is a well-established procedure with a high success rate. However, potential risks include:

• infection;
• deep vein thrombosis;
• prosthesis instability or dislocation;
• persistent pain;
• rare allergic reactions to implant materials.

At Mashtaler Ortho&Trauma, strict protocols are followed to minimize risks, including thorough preoperative assessment and sterile surgical techniques.

Rehabilitation after knee arthroplasty

 Recovery varies depending on individual factors, but typically follows these stages:

First days

• early mobilization and light exercises to prevent thrombosis;
• walking with support (crutches or a walker);
• pain and swelling control.

First month

• structured physiotherapy to restore mobility;
• strengthening of thigh and lower leg muscles;
• gradual increase in range of motion.

After the first month

• exercises to improve balance and endurance;
• gradual return to daily activities.

Price for knee arthroplasty in Lviv

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The cost of knee replacement is determined individually and depends on the implant type, case complexity, and extent of preoperative preparation.

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